C Programming Tutorial, 2nd Edition: Solutions and Explanations371

This comprehensive guide provides solutions and detailed explanations for exercises found in a hypothetical "C Programming Tutorial, 2nd Edition." While a specific textbook isn't referenced, the solutions are designed to cover a broad range of common C programming concepts typically found in introductory textbooks. This resource aims to help students solidify their understanding and improve their problem-solving skills. Each problem will be addressed with clear, concise code, followed by a step-by-step explanation of the logic and techniques employed.

Note: The following solutions assume a basic understanding of C syntax, data types, control structures, and functions. If you're encountering significant difficulties, it is recommended to review the relevant chapters in your textbook before proceeding.

Problem 1: Hello, World! with a Twist

Problem Statement: Write a C program that prints "Hello, World!" to the console, but also includes the current date and time.

Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
int main() {
time_t currentTime;
time(¤tTime);
printf("Hello, World! The current date and time is: %s", ctime(¤tTime));
return 0;
}

Explanation: This program utilizes the `time.h` header file to access time-related functions. `time(¤tTime)` gets the current time and stores it in the `currentTime` variable. `ctime(¤tTime)` converts the time into a human-readable string, which is then printed along with "Hello, World!" using `printf`.

Problem 2: Calculating the Area of a Circle

Problem Statement: Write a C program that calculates the area of a circle given its radius as input from the user.

Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main() {
float radius, area;
printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);
area = M_PI * radius * radius; // M_PI is a constant for pi in math.h
printf("The area of the circle is: %.2f", area);
return 0;
}

Explanation: The program prompts the user to enter the radius using `printf` and `scanf`. It then calculates the area using the formula `π * radius²`. The `math.h` header file provides the constant `M_PI` for the value of π. The result is formatted to two decimal places using `%.2f` in the `printf` statement.

Problem 3: Finding the Largest of Three Numbers

Problem Statement: Write a C program that takes three integer inputs from the user and prints the largest of the three.

Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num1, num2, num3, largest;
printf("Enter three integers: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &num1, &num2, &num3);
largest = num1;
if (num2 > largest) {
largest = num2;
}
if (num3 > largest) {
largest = num3;
}
printf("The largest number is: %d", largest);
return 0;
}

Explanation: This program uses a series of `if` statements to compare the three input numbers. It initializes `largest` to the first number and then updates it if a larger number is found. This is a simple example of conditional logic in C.

Problem 4: Factorial Calculation

Problem Statement: Write a C program to calculate the factorial of a non-negative integer entered by the user.

Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num, i, factorial = 1;
printf("Enter a non-negative integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
if (num < 0) {
printf("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.");
} else {
for (i = 1; i

2025-03-14

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