Middle Egyptian Tutorial: Lesson 6130

In this lesson, we will learn about the passive voice in Middle Egyptian. The passive voice is used to indicate that the subject of a verb is being acted upon by another entity. In English, we form the passive voice by using the verb "to be" followed by the past participle of the main verb. In Middle Egyptian, however, the passive voice is formed by using the verb "to be" followed by the infinitive of the main verb.

For example, the sentence "The man is eating the bread" would be translated into Middle Egyptian as "The man is causing the bread to be eaten." The verb "to be" is written as "iw," and the infinitive of the verb "to eat" is written as "wn." Therefore, the full sentence would be written as "Iw n rmt wn n.t ḥt."

The passive voice can be used in a variety of situations. For example, it can be used to describe events that are happening without any apparent agent, such as "The house is being built." It can also be used to describe events that are being caused by an unknown or unspecified agent, such as "The car was stolen." Finally, the passive voice can be used to emphasize the object of a verb, such as "The bread was eaten by the man."

Here are some additional examples of sentences in the passive voice:* "The work is being done." - iw n rḫt r wd
* "The beer was drunk by the man." - iw n ḥnt r wd hr n rmt
* "The house will be built by the workers." - iw n pr r wd hr n ḥmwt

The passive voice is a useful grammatical construction that can be used to express a variety of meanings. By understanding how to use the passive voice, you will be able to expand your vocabulary and communicate more effectively in Middle Egyptian.

Exercises

Translate the following sentences into Middle Egyptian:1. The bread is being eaten by the man.
2. The house will be built by the workers.
3. The beer was drunk by the man.
4. The work is being done.
5. The car was stolen.