Russian Language Basics: Lesson 10386

In this tenth lesson of our Russian language basics series, we will delve into the topic of dates, times, and seasons in Russian. This lesson will provide you with the vocabulary and grammar you need to navigate temporal expressions in Russian conversations and comprehend written texts.

Dates

In Russian, dates are expressed using the day, month, and year in that order. For example, "today is the second of August, two thousand twenty-three" is expressed as "Второе августа две тысячи двадцать третьего года" (Vtoroe avgusta dve tysyachi dvadtsat' tretego goda).

Months in Russian are:
Январь (Yanvar) - January
Февраль (Fevral') - February
Март (Mart) - March
Апрель (Aprel') - April
Май (May) - May
Июнь (Iyun') - June
Июль (Iyul') - July
Август (Avgust) - August
Сентябрь (Sentyabr') - September
Октябрь (Oktyabr') - October
Ноябрь (Noyabr') - November
Декабрь (Dekabr') - December

The names of months are typically capitalized in written form.

Times

Times in Russian are expressed using a 24-hour clock system. For example, "it is seven o'clock" is expressed as "семь часов" (sem' chasov). Times can also be expressed using the 12-hour clock system by adding the words "утра" (utra) for morning, "дня" (dnya) for afternoon, and "вечера" (vechera) for evening.

The following vocabulary will help you express times in Russian:
час (chas) - hour
минута (minuta) - minute
секунда (sekunda) - second
полчаса (polchasa) - half an hour
четверть часа (chetvert' chasa) - quarter of an hour
без четверти (bez chetverti) - quarter to
без десяти (bez desyati) - ten minutes to
ровно (rovno) - exactly (on the hour)

Seasons

The four seasons in Russian are:
Зима (Zima) - Winter
Весна (Vesna) - Spring
Лето (Leto) - Summer
Осень (Osen') - Autumn

The names of seasons are typically capitalized in written form.

Useful Expressions

Here are some useful expressions related to dates, times, and seasons in Russian:
Сегодня (Segodnya) - Today
Вчера (Vchera) - Yesterday
Завтра (Zavtra) - Tomorrow
Какой сегодня день? (Kakoy segodnya den'?) - What is today's date?
Который час? (Kotoroy chas?) - What time is it?
Сейчас (Seychas) - Now
В какое время? (V kakoe vremya?) - At what time?
Какое сейчас время года? (Kakoye seychas vremya goda?) - What is the current season?

Practice

To practice using dates, times, and seasons in Russian, try the following exercises:
Translate the following dates into Russian: February 14th, 2023; May 9th, 1945; December 25th, 2021.
Translate the following times into Russian: 10:00 AM; 3:30 PM; 12:00 PM.
Translate the following seasons into Russian: spring; summer; autumn; winter.
Write a sentence in Russian expressing the current date and time.
Ask a friend in Russian what season it is currently.

Conclusion

This lesson has provided you with the basic vocabulary and grammar related to dates, times, and seasons in Russian. By practicing the expressions and exercises in this lesson, you will improve your ability to communicate temporal information in Russian conversations and understand written texts.

2025-01-14

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