PHP Extension Development Tutorial in Chinese - PDF123

PHP Extension Development Tutorial in Chinese - PDF

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to developing PHP extensions in Chinese. It covers the basics of extension development, including how to create and register an extension, as well as more advanced topics such as debugging and performance optimization.

This tutorial is intended for developers who have some experience with PHP and C programming. No prior knowledge of extension development is required.

Prerequisites

To follow this tutorial, you will need the following:
A PHP development environment
A C compiler
A text editor

Creating a PHP Extension

To create a PHP extension, you will need to create a new C file. The file should have the following structure:```c
#include "php.h"
PHP_MODULE_FUNCTION(hello_world)
{
php_printf("Hello, world!");
}
PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(hello_world)
{
return SUCCESS;
}
PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(hello_world)
{
return SUCCESS;
}
PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(hello_world)
{
php_info_print_table_start();
php_info_print_table_header(2, "Hello World Extension", "enabled");
php_info_print_table_end();
}
ZEND_MODULE_GLOBALS(hello_world);
ZEND_DECLARE_MODULE_GLOBALS(hello_world);
zend_module_entry hello_world_module_entry = {
STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER,
NULL,
NULL,
"hello_world",
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
"1.0",
STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES
};
#ifdef COMPILE_DL_HELLOWORLD
ZEND_GET_MODULE(hello_world)
#endif
```

The `hello_world` function is the main entry point for the extension. It is called when the extension is loaded.

The `hello_world_init` function is called when the extension is initialized. It is used to register the extension's functions and constants.

The `hello_world_shutdown` function is called when the extension is shut down. It is used to clean up any resources that were allocated by the extension.

The `hello_world_info` function is called when the extension's information is printed. It is used to print information about the extension, such as its name and version.

The `ZEND_MODULE_GLOBALS(hello_world)` macro defines a global variable that can be used to store data that is shared between the extension's functions.

The `ZEND_DECLARE_MODULE_GLOBALS(hello_world)` macro declares the global variable that was defined by the `ZEND_MODULE_GLOBALS` macro.

The `zend_module_entry` variable is used to register the extension with PHP. The `STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER` macro defines the basic information about the extension, such as its name and version.

The `#ifdef COMPILE_DL_HELLOWORLD` directive is used to compile the extension as a dynamic library. The `ZEND_GET_MODULE(hello_world)` macro is used to get the extension's module entry.

Registering a PHP Extension

To register a PHP extension, you will need to add the following line to your `` file:```ini
extension=
```

The `extension` directive tells PHP to load the specified extension. The `.so` extension is used for dynamic libraries on Linux and macOS. On Windows, the `.dll` extension is used.

Using a PHP Extension

To use a PHP extension, you will need to include the following line at the beginning of your PHP script:```php

```

The `extension_loaded` function checks if the specified extension is loaded. If the extension is not loaded, the script will die with an error message.

Once the extension is loaded, you can use its functions like any other PHP function.
```

Debugging PHP Extensions

If you are having problems with a PHP extension, you can use the following techniques to debug it:
Print debug messages: You can use the `php_printf` function to print debug messages to the screen. For example, the following code prints a debug message when the `hello_world` function is called: ```c
PHP_FUNCTION(hello_world)
{
php_printf("Hello, world!");
}
```
Check error logs: PHP will log errors and warnings to the error log. You can check the error log to see if there are any errors or warnings that are related to your extension.
Use a debugger: You can use a debugger to step through the code of your extension and see what is happening. This can help you to identify problems with your code.

Performance Optimization

The following tips can help you to optimize the performance of your PHP extensions:
Cache frequently used data: If your extension uses the same data multiple times, you can cache the data to improve performance. For example, the following code caches the `hello_world` function: ```c
static zend_function_entry hello_world_functions[] = {
PHP_FE(hello_world, NULL)
};
```
Use efficient algorithms: When writing your extension, use efficient algorithms to avoid unnecessary computation. For example, the following code uses a binary search to find a value in an array: ```c
int binary_search(int* arr, int size, int value)
{
int low = 0;
int high = size - 1;
while (low

2025-02-17

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